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"Tracing their origins to early Islamic caliphs who governed
northern Africa and southern Spain (at one point, their troops reached Tours, France), the Moors united under a strong leader, Al Mansour (also spelled Almanzor). During the tenth century, Al Mansour brought all of central and southern Spain into his empire."

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http://www.publicsectorconsultants.com/Documents/year1000/year_ten_hundred.pdf