Austrian Dukes and Emperors: 1 emperor
Emperor Karl I (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1916-1918  
Bohemian Kings: 1 king
King Karel III (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1916-1918  
German Chancellors and Presidents: 1 chancellor
(chancellor) Ludwig Erhard   1963-1966  
German Kings and Holy Roman Emperors: 2 emperors, 1 king, 1 king-emperor
Emperor Ludwig I the Pious   813-840  
Emperor Ludwig II the Younger   844-875  
King Ludwig III the Child   900-911  
King-Emperor Ludwig IV   1314-1347  
Greek Prime Ministers: 1 prime minister
Josef Ludwig von Armansperg   1835-1837  
Hungarian Kings and Queens: 1 king
King Károly IV (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1916-1918  
Nobel Prize Winners: 2 physics, 1 peace
(physics) Gustav Ludwig Hertz   1925  
(peace) Ludwig Quidde   1927  
(physics) Horst Ludwig Störmer   1998  
Norwegian Prime Ministers: 1 prime minister
Johan Ludwig Mowinckel   1924-1926; 1928-1931; 1933-1935  
Notable Actors and Entertainers: 1 entertainer/magician
Roy Horn (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1944-2020  
Notable Artists: 1 architect, 1 painter
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner   1880-1938  
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe   1886-1969  
Notable Athletes: 1 soccer
(soccer) Ludwig Augustinsson   1994-  
Notable Musicians: 1 composer, 1 singer
Ludwig van Beethoven   1770-1827  
Rex Gildo (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1936-1999  
Notable Philosophers and Thinkers: 2 philosophers, 1 linguist
Ljudevit Gaj (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1809-1872  
Ludwig von Strümpell   1812-1899  
Ludwig Wittgenstein   1889-1951  
Notable Politicians and Statespeople: 1 politician
Adolf Grimme (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1889-1963  
Notable Scientists and Inventors: 4 physicists, 1 chemist
Adolph Strecker (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1822-1871  
Ludwig Boltzmann   1844-1906  
Gustav Mie (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1868-1957  
Gustav Ludwig Hertz   1887-1975  
Horst Ludwig Störmer   1949-  
Olympic Medalists: 2 bronze, 1 silver
(bronze) Ludwig Wrede   1928   figure skating  
(silver) Luz Long (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1936   long jump  
(bronze) Heinz Fütterer (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1956   4x100 m relay  
Other Royalty: 6 princes, 1 king, 1 king/emperor
Ludwig of Prussia   1773-1796   Prussia  
Friedrich of Prussia (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1794-1863   Prussia  
Alexander of Prussia (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1820-1896   Prussia  
Ludwig II of Bavaria   1864-1886   Bavaria  
Wilhelm I (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1861-1888; 1871-1888   Prussia; German Empire  
Waldemar of Prussia (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1889-1945   Prussia  
Heinrich of Prussia (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1900-1904   Prussia  
Karl Ludwig of Liechtenstein   2016-   Liechtenstein  
Saints: 2 blessed
Blessed Louis of Thuringia (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1200-1227  
Blessed Karl of Austria (a.k.a. Ludwig)   1887-1922  
Swiss Presidents: 2 presidents
Ludwig Forrer   1906; 1912  
Ludwig von Moos   1964; 1969