Balthasar's Personal Name List

Means "Adad is my helper", from the god's name Adad combined with Akkadian nērāru meaning "helper". This name was borne by three kings of the Assyrian Empire.

Means "their sister", deriving from the Akkadian element aḫātu ("sister") combined with the suffix -(aš)šunu ("for them (masculine plural), to them, towards them"),

Variant of Hathor.

From Egyptian jꜥḥ-ms meaning "born of Iah" [1], derived from the name of the Egyptian god Iah combined with msj meaning "be born". This was the name of the first pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (16th century BC). He defeated the Hyksos and drove them from Egypt. It was also borne by others among Egyptian royalty from the same era, including several queens consort.

The custodian of the ferryboat who ferries the souls of the deceased to the Egyptian underworld of Duat, and he was also said to rule Duat in general on behalf of Osiris. He was typically depicted with the head of a ram. Over time he came to be known as Cherti (or Kherty), which likely influenced the development of the Greek ferryman Charon.

Ancient Hittite form of Alexandros (see Alexander). This was the name of a Wilusan king who signed a treaty with the Hittite kings Muwatalli II and Mursuli II.

A Phoenician god of springs and vegetation.

Possibly deriving in part from the Hurrian element allai=ni ("lady, mistress"). Name borne by a Hittite ritual practitioner, likely of Hurrian origin, known from several texts that bear her name.

Variant of Amunet.

Meaning unknown. Name borne by a Hittite queen, who is known only from a mention in a single document (KBo XIX 84,7). Her spouse is unknown, however some historians theorize that she was married to Arnuwanda II.

Derived from Ancient Egyptian ꜥm-mwt "devourer of the dead". In Egyptian mythology she was a female demon and funerary deity with a body that was part lion, hippopotamus, and crocodile, all of which were seen as dangerous animals to the ancient Egyptians. Her titles included 'Devourer of the Dead', 'Eater of Hearts', and 'Great of Death'. She was said to live near the scales of justice in Duat, and when a heart was judged, if deemed unpure, she would eat it. She was not worshiped however; she was the embodiment of the fear of the afterlife.

Greek form of Egyptian Yamanu (see Amon).

From Ἄμμων (Ammon), the Greek form of Egyptian jmn (reconstructed as Yamanu) meaning "the hidden one". In early Egyptian mythology he was a god of the air, creativity and fertility, who was particularly revered in Thebes. Later, during the Middle Kingdom, his attributes were combined with those of the god Ra and he was worshipped as the supreme solar deity Amon-Ra.

From Egyptian jmnt (reconstructed as Yamanut), the feminine form of Amon. In Egyptian mythology she was a primordial goddess, a consort of Amon. She was later overshadowed by Mut.

Variant of Amon.

Variant of Amonet.

Means "immaculate, undefiled" in Old Persian, from the Old Iranian prefix *an- "not" combined with *āhita "unclean, dirty". This was the name of an Iranian goddess of fertility and water. In the Zoroastrian religious texts the Avesta she is called 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬍 (Arəduuī) in Avestan, with 𐬀𐬥𐬁𐬵𐬌𐬙𐬀 (anāhita) appearing only as a descriptive epithet [1]. In origin she is possibly identical to the Indian goddess Saraswati. She has historically been identified with the Semitic goddess Ishtar and the Greek goddess Artemis.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Anubis.

Possibly means "he who is stable", from the Ancient Egyptian city of Andjet, whose name was probably derived from djed 'stability, durability'.

In Egyptian mythology he is one of the earliest gods, possibly with roots in Predynastic Egypt, and a possible precursor to Osiris. As such he had many of the same duties as Osiris. He is typically depicted holding the crook and flail and a crown similar to Osiris' Atef crown. The first Pharaoh of Egypt to build a true pyramid, Sneferu, was depicted wearing a crown of Andjety, and in the temple of Seti I, the pharaoh is show making an offering to Osiris-Andjety.

Means "(one who) leads back the distant one".

In Egyptian mythology, he was a god of war, 'Slayer of Enemies', worshiped mainly in the area of Abydos, particularly in Thinis. He was the husband of Menhit, his female counterpart. He was typically depicted as a bearded man wearing a robe or kilt and a headdress with four feathers, while holding a spear or lance, and occasionally with a lion's head, like his wife.

From Egyptian ꜥnḫ-s-n-jmn meaning "her life is of Amon", derived from ꜥnḫ "life" combined with the name of the god Amon. This was the name of a 14th-century BC queen of Egypt, the wife of Tutankhamun.

Latinized form of Ἄνουβις (Anoubis), the Greek form of Egyptian jnpw (reconstructed as Anapa and other forms), which coincided with a word meaning "royal child, prince". However, it might alternatively be derived from the root jnp meaning "to decay". Anubis was the Egyptian god who led the dead to the underworld. He was often depicted as a man with the head of a jackal. The Greeks equated him with their god Hermes.

Allegedly means "the embracer" or "embrace". This was the name of the personification of the Nile in Egyptian mythology.

In Egyptian mythology she was the personification of the goddess of the Nile River, and was also widely worshiped in Nubia, earning her the title 'Mistress of Nubia'. She was the consort of Khnum and in Nubia where he was merged with Amun, consort of Amun. She was part of a trinity of gods with Khnum and Satis. Typically she was depicted as a woman with a headdress of feathers.

Greek form of Egyptian ḥjpw (reconstructed as Hapi), which is of unknown meaning. In Egyptian mythology he was a sacred bull, sometimes considered a son of Hathor. He was later fused with Osiris resulting in the figure of Serapis.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Osiris.

Variant of Atum.

In Egyptian mythology, Atemu was the name of the god of Annu.

Variant of Aton.

From Egyptian jtm or tmw, derived from tm meaning "completion, totality". This was the name of an Egyptian creator god. He was first prominently worshipped in Heliopolis during the Old Kingdom.

Auset is the original form of Isis. The hieroglyphs literally translate to “woman (she) of the throne”. More generally, it means “seat”.

Hebrew form of Semitic ba'l meaning "lord, master, possessor". This was the title of various deities, often associated with storms and fertility, who were worshipped by the Canaanites, Phoenicians, and other peoples of the ancient Near East. It was particularly applied to the god Hadad.

From Egyptian bꜣstt, which was possibly derived from bꜣs meaning "ointment jar" and a feminine t suffix. In Egyptian mythology Bastet was a goddess of cats, fertility and the sun who was considered a protector of Lower Egypt. In early times she was typically depicted with the head of a lioness. By the New Kingdom period she was more associated with domestic cats, while the similar cat goddess Sekhmet took on the fierce lioness aspect.

A later name for the Egyptian ferryman of the dead, Aken, and the one which is suspected to have influenced the development of the Greek ferryman of the dead, Charon.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Thoth.

Means "who adores his mother". He is one of the four sons of Horus tasked with protecting his throne in the underworld. His image was depicted on the canopic jar which held the stomach of the deceased.

From Sumerian 𒂗 (en) meaning "lord" and 𒆠 (ki) meaning "earth, ground" (though maybe originally from 𒆳 (kur) meaning "underworld, mountain"). Enki, called Ea by the Akkadians, Assyrians and Babylonians, was the Sumerian god of water and wisdom and the keeper of the Me, the divine laws.

Means "Ashur has given a brother to me" in Assyrian, from the Akkadian Aššur-ahhe-iddina.

A noted bearer is Esarhaddon, King of Assyria from 681 - 669 BCE. He was the youngest son of Sennacherib and the West Semitic queen Naqi'a, Sennacherib's second wife.

In American author Nicholas Guild's historical fiction novel 'The Assyrian', Esarhaddon is the name of the protagonist's best friend. In American author and astrophysicist Carl Sagan's novel 'Contact', the character S.R. Hadden is named for Esarhaddon.

Derived from a Semitic root meaning "thunder". Hadad was a Western Semitic (Levantine) god of thunder and storms, often called Ba'al. He was imported to Mesopotamia by the Amorites, where he was known as Adad to the Assyrians and Babylonians.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Apis.

Variant of Hapi.

Meaning uncertain, possibly derived in part from the Hittite element ḫāran ("eagle"). Name borne by a Hittite queen (fl. 15th century BCE).

Greek form of Egyptian ḥwt-ḥrw (reconstructed as Hut-Heru) meaning "the house of Horus", derived from Egyptian ḥwt "house" combined with the god Horus. In Egyptian mythology she was the goddess of love, often depicted with the head of a cow.

From Egyptian ḥꜣt-špswt meaning "foremost of noble women" [1]. This was the name of a pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (15th century BC), among the first women to take this title.

Meaning uncertain, name borne by a Hittite queen who was the first wife of King Suppiluliuma I.

Means "She of Halab". Ḫepat was the mother goddess of the Hurrian people. Her name occurs frequently as an element of personal names, examples being the names Puduḫepa, and Tadukhipa.

Heqet was an Egyptian goddess of fertility and was identified with Hathor. She was linked to the annual flooding of the Nile, and was represented as a frog.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Horus.

Latinized form of Ὧρος (Horos), the Greek form of Egyptian ḥrw (reconstructed as Heru and other forms) possibly from ḥr "above, over" or ḥrj "distant". In Egyptian mythology Horus was a god of the sky and light, often depicted as a man with the head of a falcon. In some versions of the mythology he was the son of Osiris and Isis, and avenged his father's murder by killing his uncle Seth.

Of uncertain etymology. Name borne by a goddess worshipped as part of the Hittite and Luwian pantheons. Her main centers of worship were in Ḫupišna and Kuliwišna.

From Egyptian jꜥḥ meaning "moon". In Egyptian mythology this was the name of a god of the moon, later identified with Thoth.

Means "she of the west". In Egyptian mythology she was the goddess representing the necropolis west of the Nile River and the consort of Aken. Typically depicted wearing the hieroglyph for 'west' on her head, she often appeared on tombs to welcome the deceased into the afterlife. She may also possibly be just an alternate form of Hathor or Isis, as she was closely linked with them.

In Egyptian mythology he was a funerary deity, one of the four sons of Horus tasked with protecting his throne in the underworld. His image was depicted on the canopic jar that held the liver of the deceased.

Possibly derived from Sumerian nin-an-a(k) meaning "lady of the heavens", from 𒎏 (nin) meaning "lady" and the genitive form of 𒀭 (an) meaning "heaven, sky". Inanna was the Sumerian goddess of love, fertility and war. She descended into the underworld where the ruler of that place, her sister Ereshkigal, had her killed. The god Enki interceded, and Inanna was allowed to leave the underworld as long as her husband Dumuzi took her place.

Inanna was later conflated with the Semitic (Akkadian, Assyrian and Babylonian) deity Ishtar.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Isis.

An ancient Hittite goddess associated with love and oaths. Her name possibly comes from the Hittite word for "treaty, binding promise", or may be related to the name of the goddess Ishtar.

From the Semitic root 'ṯtr, which possibly relates to the Evening Star. Ishtar was an Akkadian, Assyrian and Babylonian goddess who presided over love, war and fertility. She was cognate with the Canaanite and Phoenician Ashtoreth, and she was also identified with the Sumerian goddess Inanna. Her name in Akkadian cuneiform 𒀭𒈹 was the same as the Sumerian cuneiform for Inanna.

Italian form of Isis.

Greek form of Egyptian ꜣst (reconstructed as Iset, Aset or Ueset), possibly from st meaning "throne". In Egyptian mythology Isis was the goddess of the sky and nature, the wife of Osiris and the mother of Horus. She was originally depicted wearing a throne-shaped headdress, but in later times she was conflated with the goddess Hathor and depicted having the horns of a cow on her head. She was also worshipped by people outside of Egypt, such as the Greeks and Romans.

Iunit of Armant means "she of Armant". Armant, also known as Hermonthis, is a town in Egypt whose name is derived from Montu. In Egyptian mythology she was a minor goddess and a consort of Montu.
There is, however, another Iunit who was a minor goddess of death. She is mentioned in the Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead and seems to have had a close connection to Iah. It is uncertain whether she is identical with Iunit of Armant.

Means "King of the Gods", from the Hittite elements katte ("king") and ašḫab ("god"). The name of a Hittite god, which was also borne by a queen of the Middle Kingdom period of the Hittite empire, who is known only from fragmentary documents. It is unknown who exactly Queen Katešḫapi's husband was, as the historical sources surrounding her only mention her name. Historians disagree as to whether she was wife of Muwatalli I, Huzziya II, or Kantuzzili.

Variant of Cherti.

From Egyptian ẖnmw (reconstructed as Khenmu or Khnemu), derived from ẖnm meaning "to unite". This was the name of an early Egyptian god associated with fertility, water and the Nile. He was often depicted as a man with the head of a ram, sometimes with a potter's wheel.

From Egyptian ḫnsw meaning "traveller", derived from ḫns meaning "to traverse, to cross". In Egyptian mythology he was a god of the moon, the son of Amon and Mut.

From Egyptian mꜣꜥt meaning "truth, virtue, justice". Maat (or Ma'at) was the Egyptian goddess who personified truth and balance. She was the consort of Thoth.

Name of the Egyptian goddess of judgement, justice and execution, her name meaning "she who runs". It is believed that she is the first feline deity, predating Bastet and Sekhmet, and she is often depicted as a feline or a woman with the head of a feline. She protected Ra, killed scorpions and snakes and ripped out the hearts of transgressors and delivered them to the pharaoh's feet.

Greek form of Egyptian mnj probably meaning "he who endures", derived from mn "to endure". According to tradition, Menes was the Egyptian pharaoh who first united Upper and Lower Egypt around the 31st century BC. He is probably the same as the pharaoh known as Narmer; Menes could have been his throne name.

Means "(she who) massacres".

Originally a Nubian war goddess, adopted into Egyptian mythology as a female counterpart to Anhur; also occasionally known as a crown goddess, and one of the goddesses who represented the protective 'uraeus' on royal crowns. She was typically depicted with a lion's head, as lionesses were viewed as exceptional and aggressive hunters. She was believed to advance ahead of the Egyptian armies and cut down their enemies with fiery arrows. In Upper Egypt she was said to be wife of Khnum and mother of Heka, while in Lower Egypt she was linked with Wadjet and Neith. Eventually she came to be strongly identified with Sekhmet, another lion-goddess, until she was seen as simply another aspect of Sekhmet.

Means "the beloved".

In Egyptian mythology she was a goddess associated with rejoicing, singing, and dancing. She is considered to possibly be a wife of Hapi, hence the meaning of her name. Being a token wife of Hapi, she is usually depicted with imagery similar to his, such as a papyrus plant or blue lotus, and sometimes depicted with an offering bowl since, symbolic of her receiving Hapi's generosity.

Means "She who loves silence."

In Egyptian mythology she was believed to rule over the Theban necropolis. She is depicted with the head of a cobra and so is sometimes associated with Hathor, or as a coiled cobra, or very rarely as having the head a cobra, a human woman, and a vulture all at once. As the patron deity of the workers in Deir el-Medina who built the tombs, she punished those who committed crimes but healing those who repented. She was said to spit poison at anyone who tried to vandalize or rob royal tombs. Her close association with the Valley of the Kings kept her worship from spreading and when the valley was no longer used, she was no longer worshiped.

Meretseger was also the name of the wife of the Pharaoh Senusret III, and the first to bear the title Great Royal Wife, which went on to be the standard title for the chief wives of pharaohs. She was also the first queen consort to have her name written in a cartouche.

In Egyptian mythology she was a goddess of childbirth, and the creator of each child's 'ka', a part of their soul, which she breathed into them at the moment of their birth. Because she was responsible for 'ka', she was also associated with fate, and so would sometimes be associated with Shai. In ancient Egypt, women would deliver babies while squatting on a pair of brick, known as birth bricks, and because of this Meskhenet is sometimes depicted as a brick with a woman's head wearing a cow uterus, though typically she would just be depicted as a woman wearing a cow uterus.

From Egyptian mwt meaning "mother". In Egyptian mythology she was a mother goddess, the consort of Amon and the mother of Khonsu. She was sometimes depicted wearing a headdress with vulture wings.

Meaning unknown, possibly related to Inanna. This was the name of a goddess worshipped by the Sumerians and Akkadians. She was later conflated with the goddesses Anahita and Aphrodite.

Of unknown meaning or origin.

A noted bearer is Naqi’a (c. 680–627 BC, Assyria), a wife of King Sennacherib who held an advisory position to the throne under the title of queen mother during the reigns of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal, her son and grandson. Because Naqia sometimes adopted the Akkadian name Zakutu, a translation of Naqi'a, scholars have assumed that she was not native to Assyria. Some scholars suggest that Naqia was Hebrew while others contend that she was one of the women that Hezekiah sent to Sennacherib in 701 BC. Naqia was probably born in Babylonia, but her family may have originated in the Harran area.

Feminine form of Nu. Also compare Nut, which appears to be partially related.

In Egyptian mythology, this is the name of one of the eight primordial deities of the Ogdoad.

Means "lady of the offerings" or "satisfied lady" in Ancient Egyptian. This was the female counterpart of Atum and female principle of creation.

Means "the lady of the fields" in Ancient Egyptian. This was the name of an Egyptian fertility goddess and wife of Khnum.

Variant spelling of Nofret.

Italian form of Nephthys.

Means "(one who) brings together".

In Egyptian mythology he was originally the explanation of the cause of binding of Ka and Ba, two aspects of the soul, after death, hence the meaning of his name. Because of this, he was said to have guarded the entrance to Duat, the underworld. He was typically depicted as a snake with two head (and sometimes just one). As a snake god, he was also thought to have power over snake bites and, by extension, other poisonous bites. He was seen as the son of Renenutet and Geb.

From the nḥm.t-ˁw3ỉ; meaning "She who embraces those in need", the name of a minor Ancient Egyptian goddess, the wife of Nehebu-kau or, occasionally, Thoth.

Greek form of Egyptian nt, possibly from nt "water" or nrw "fear, dread". This was the name of an early Egyptian goddess of weaving, hunting and war. Her character may have some correspondences with the goddesses Tanith, Anat or Athena.

Greek form of Egyptian nbt-ḥwt (reconstructed as Nebet-Hut) meaning "lady of the house", derived from nbt "lady" and ḥwt "house". This was the name of an Egyptian goddess associated with the air, death and mourning. She was wife of the desert god Seth.

Means "precious sister", deriving from the Sumerian elements nin ("sister") and níĝ-kal-la ("precious"). Name borne by many prominent high-status women during the Neo-Sumerian Empire.

Greek form of Onuphrius.

Greek form of the Egyptian wsjr (reconstructed as Asar, Usir and other forms), which is of unknown meaning, possibly related to wsr "mighty" or jrt "eye". In Egyptian mythology Osiris was the god of fertility, agriculture, and the dead and served as the judge of the underworld. In one tale he was slain by his brother Seth, but restored to life by his wife Isis in order to conceive their son Horus, who would go on to avenge his father.

Means "she who scratches" in Ancient Egyptian. This was the name of a lion-headed war goddess.

From Egyptian pꜣ-nḥsj meaning "the Nubian" (see Phinehas). This was the name of two ancient Egyptian priests and one vizier.

Means "he who refreshes his brothers".

In Egyptian mythology he was one of the four sons of Horus, tasked with protecting his throne in the underworld. His image is depicted on the canopic jar that held the intestines of the deceased.

The name of a goddess of fertility, sacred ecstasy and sexual pleasure, derived from the Semitic root Q-D-Š which means "holy".

From Egyptian rꜥ meaning "sun" or "day". Ra was an important Egyptian sun god originally worshipped in Heliopolis in Lower Egypt. He was usually depicted as a man with the head of a falcon crowned with a solar disc. In later times his attributes were often merged with those of other deities, such as Amon, Atum and Horus.

Feminine form of Ra

In Egyptian mythology she was a solar goddess, the female aspect of Ra. The longer version of her name, Raet-Tawy, means "Raet of the Two Lands" (Upper and Lower Egypt). She is typically depicted as a woman with cow horns holding a sun disc on her head, similar to Hathor. She appears during the Fifth Dynasty (c.2494 BCE - c.2345 BCE), considered a companion of Ra, though never reaching the importance of Hathor. She is also known as a wife of the war-god Montu, forming a trinity with him and Harpocrates in Karnak and Medamud.

The feminine aspect of the Ancient Egyptian god Ra. Her name was composed from the feminine version of the name Ra and tawy meaning "of the two lands".

Variant of Ramesses.

Variant of Renenutet.

In Egyptian mythology she was the goddess of nourishment and the harvest, and as such was worshiped mainly during harvest. She was often depicted as a cobra or as a woman with the head of a cobra. She was sometimes portrayed as the consort of Sobek, Shai, or Geb, with whom she had the snake god Nehebkau. Over time she became increasingly associated with Wadjet (the cobra on the crown of pharaohs), until she eventually became an aspect of Wadjet.

Means "year" in Ancient Egyptian. This was the name of the goddess of fertility, youth and spring.

Greek form of Shai (the Egyptian god).

Hellenized form of Iusaaset.

Meaning unknown, although the second element of the name (hepa) likely derives from the Hurrian sun goddess Ḫepat. Name borne by a Hittite queen (1390 BC-1365 BC). Satanduhepa was the first wife of Tudhaliya III. She was replaced as queen by Daduhepa for unknown reasons.

Derived from the Egyptian word sṯ, meaning "eject", "shoot", "pour" or "throw". It is the name of an Egyptian goddess and her name can be translated as "she who shoots" or "she who pours". As a warrior goddess, she protected Egypt's southern frontier by killing the pharoah's enemies with arrows; as a fertility goddess, she granted the wishes of those who sought love.

From Egyptian sḫmt, derived from sḫm meaning "powerful" and a feminine t suffix. Sekhmet was an Egyptian warrior goddess, also associated with healing, violence and plague. She was commonly depicted with the head of a lioness, and was sometimes conflated with the cat-headed goddess Bastet.

Means "man of the goddess Wosret".

This was the name of four Egyptian pharaohs and a vizier.

From a compound of Asar, the Egyptian form of Osiris, and Apis, the sacred bull of the Egyptians. This was the name of a syncretic Greco-Egyptian god, apparently promoted by Ptolemy I Soter in the 3rd-century BC in an attempt to unite the native Egyptians and the Greeks in the Ptolemaic Kingdom.

From Egyptian srqt, possibly meaning "she who lets throats breathe", from srq meaning "to open the windpipe, to breathe" [1] and a feminine t suffix. In Egyptian mythology she was the goddess of scorpions as well as the healing of poisonous stings and bites. Eventually she came to be identified with Isis, becoming an aspect of her over time.

Means "(she who) scrivens (who is the scribe)".

In Egyptian mythology she was a goddess of wisdom, knowledge, and writing, seen as a scribe and record-keeper, and is credited with inventing writing. Eventually she came to be identified with architecture, astronomy, astrology, building, mathematics, and surveying as well. She was typically depicted as a woman holding a palm stem or other tools or sometimes a knotted cord used for surveying, and with a seven-pointed emblem above her, though it's unsure what this emblem represents. As the diving measurer and scribe, she was believed to assist the pharaoh in these tasks, and it was she who records, by notching her palm, the time allotted to the pharaoh for his stay on earth. As Thoth became more prominent and identified as the god of wisdom, Seshat became his daughter and, later his wife.

From Σήθ (Seth), the Greek form of Egyptian swtẖ or stẖ (reconstructed as Sutekh), which is of unknown meaning. Seth was the Egyptian god of chaos and the desert, the slayer of Osiris. Osiris's son Horus eventually defeats Seth and has him banished to the desert.

From Egyptian stẖj meaning "of Seth 2" [1]. This was the name of two pharaohs of the 19th dynasty (13th century BC).

Means "(that which is) ordained". In the Ancient Egyptian mythology Shai was the deification of the concept of fate and determinate the span of men's lives as such would sometimes be considered female (in which case he would sometimes be called Shait).

From Egyptian sbk, possibly derived from sbq "to impregnate" [1]. In Egyptian mythology Sobek was a ferocious crocodile-headed god associated with fertility and the Nile River.

Hellenization of Sopdet.

Meaning unknown. Name borne by a Hittite queen (fl. 15th century BCE), who was the wife of king Huzziya II. King Huzziya was assassinated by Muwatalli I, who was possibly one of his royal bodyguards. Šummiri's fate following Muwatalli's ascension to the throne is unknown.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Seth 2.

From Hurrian Tadu-Hepa, in which the second element is the name of the sun goddess Hepa (also transcribed Hebat, Heba, Kheba, Khepat or Hepatu). This was the name of a princess of the Mitanni kingdom in northern Mesopotamia, who married the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III at the very end of his reign and later became one of the wives of Akhenaten (when he took over his father's royal harem). Thus some Egyptologists have proposed that Tadukhipa and Kiya were the same person (in which case Kiya would have been a diminutive of Tadukhipa).

Persian form of Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬑𐬨𐬀⸱𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬞𐬌 (Taxma Urupi), derived from 𐬙𐬀𐬑𐬨𐬀 (taxma) meaning "strong" and 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬞𐬌 (urupi) meaning "fox". Taxma Urupi is a hero mentioned in the Avesta who later appears in the 10th-century Persian epic the Shahnameh.

Meaning unknown. This was the name of the Phoenician goddess of love, fertility, the moon and the stars. She was particularly associated with the city of Carthage, being the consort of Ba'al Hammon.

Means "risen land" or "exalted earth", and also refers to the silt of the Nile River.

In Egyptian mythology he was the primordial mound, and as a primeval chthonic deity he was associated with creation. He was viewed as the source of food and viands, divine offers, all good things", as his realms deep beneath the earth were "from which everything emerges". His father was the creator god Khnum who fashioned him on a potter's wheel using Nile mud, granting him the titles "creator and mother who gave birth to all gods" and "father of all the gods". Eventually he became an aspect of Geb.

Of uncertain etymology. This was the personal name of a Hittite queen, which was consequently used as a title for all subsequent Hittite queens.

From Egyptian tꜣ-wrt meaning "O great female". In Egyptian mythology Taweret was a goddess of childbirth and fertility. She was typically depicted as an upright hippopotamus.

In Egyptian mythology she was a goddess of childbirth and beer. She was typically depicted as a woman wearing a cow uterus on her head like another Egyptian childbirth goddess, Meskhenet. She was considered a protector of the uterus for pregnant women. She was a consort of the war-god Montu. Eventually she was merged with Raet, Isis, and Iunit.

Greek form of Egyptian ḏḥwtj (reconstructed as Djehuti), which is of uncertain meaning. In Egyptian mythology Thoth was the god of the moon, science, magic, speech and writing. He was often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis.

Greek form of Taweret.

Hellenized form of a Scythian name, possibly from an Iranian root meaning "family". This was the name of a 6th-century BC queen of the Massagetae (a Scythian people) who defeated Cyrus the Great during his invasion of Central Asia.

Means "green one; papyrus-colored one". From the Ancient Egyptian wadj, which was the word for the color green, in reference to the color of papyrus, and et, which indicated the name of a woman.

In Egyptian mythology she was originally the ancient local goddess of the city of Dep, which eventually came to be known as Per-Wadjet ("house of Wadjet"). She was said the be the patron and protector of Egypt, formerly just of Lower Egypt. As a patron goddess she was associated with the land and thus frequently depicted as a woman with a snake's head, typically an Egyptian cobra, or a woman with two snakes' heads, or a snake with a woman's head. Because of her association with Lower Egypt she is sometimes also depicted as the sun disk, uraeus, which was the emblem on the crown of Lower Egypt.

Meaning uncertain, possibly deriving from the Luwian element wa-na-a ("woman"), or the Hattic element waₐšul ("abundance, blessing"). Name borne by a Hittite queen, who was possibly of Hurrian origin (fl. circa 15 century BCE).

Means "great one of magic", "great enchantress" in Ancient Egyptian. This was the name of an Ancient Egyptian goddess, the personification of supernatural power.

Means "the powerful".

She originally considered a local guardian deity of Thebes, whose cult rose to prominence during the 12th Dynasty and during which several pharaohs were given names in her honor (Senusret). In few depictions of her that exist she typically wears a tall crown with the Was sceptre, while carrying various weapons. She was eventually superseded by Mut and became an aspect of Hathor. She was Amun's first wife, or perhaps was renamed Mut at some point.

Greek form of the Old Persian name 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 (Xšayarša), which meant "ruler over heroes". This was the name of a 5th-century BC king of Persia, the son of Darius the Great. He attempted an invasion of Greece, which ended unsuccessfully at the battle of Salamis.

Reconstructed Egyptian form of Amon.