Browse Submitted Names

This is a list of submitted names in which the usage is Hindi or Indian.
gender
usage
Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
Anshuman m Hinduism, Indian, Hindi, Bengali
Derived from Sanskrit अंशुमान (amshuman) meaning "sun". This is the name of a king in Hindu mythology.
Antanv m Konkani, Indian (Christian)
Konkani form of Anthony, borrowed from Portuguese Antão. Used by Konkani Catholics.
Antara f Indian
Means "within, in the middle, between" in Sanskrit.
Anthim m & f Indian (Rare)
Meaning uncertain. It could perhaps come from the Greek name Anthimos, but I don't know how likely it generally is for Greek names to be used in India.
Anu f Indian, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada
Short form of Anuradha, Anurag, Anubhooti, Anupama, and other names starting with anu.
Anubhav m Indian, Hindi
Derived from Sanskrit अनुभव (anubhava) meaning "perception, understanding".
Anubhooti f Indian (Rare)
Alternate transcription of Hindi अनुभूति (see Anubhuti).
Anudeya f & m Sanskrit, Indian
Anudeya is a sanskrit name, means - a gift.
Anugrah m & f Indonesian, Hindi
From Sanskrit अनुग्रह (anugraha) meaning "favour, kindness". It is sometimes used as a feminine name in Indonesia.
Anugunj f & m Hindi
Means "echo" in Hindi.
Anukta f Indian, Sanskrit
Means "unexpressed, unsaid."
Anumati f Hindi
Anumati is the Hindu godess of the moon. The meaning of the name is moon.
Anuradh m Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Marathi
MEANING - accomplished, worship, happiness, born under the asterism 'Anuradha', Seventeenth of twenty -eight lunar mansions... [more]
Anurag m Indian, Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Punjabi
Derived from Sanskrit अनुराग (anurāga) meaning "love, affection, devotion".
Anuruddh m Hindi
Modern form of Anuruddha.
Anusha f Tamil, Indian
Derived from Sanskrit, this name means "beautiful morning". ... [more]
Anushkaa f Indian, Sanskrit
Means "ray of light."
Anushrav m Hindi
Means Vedic(vedic or the anient and great period) Practises
Anushri f Indian
Variant of Anushree.
Anushtha f Hindi
From Sanskrit अनुष्ठा (anuṣṭhā) meaning "to follow, to practise, to perform".
Anuttam m Indian
Variant of Anuttama.
Anuttama f & m Indian
Means "incomparably great, best" in Sanskrit. This is one of the thousand names of Vishnu.
Anuwar m Bengali, Malay
Bengali and Malay form of Anwar.
Anvesh m Indian
Means "investigation" in Sanskrit.
Anvi f Sanskrit, Indian (Rare)
MEANING - (to go after or alongside, to follow ;to seek ; to be guided by; to fall to one's share.) ... [more]
Anvi f Kannada
Name of Goddess Parvathi or Aparna
Anvit m Indian
indian origan names meaning one who serves to nation..., people of nation,,, name of bravery....
Anwaar f & m Arabic, Urdu
Means "lights" in Arabic, the plural of نُور (nūr) meaning "light". It is used as a masculine name in Pakistan while it is typically feminine in Arabic-speaking countries.
Anwin m Indian
Very strange
Anyla f Hindi
Variant of Anylah, derived from the masculine name, Anil.... [more]
Apeksha f Indian, Marathi
Derived from Sanskrit अपेक्षा (apekśa) meaning "hope, expectation, prospect".
Apekshita f Indian
Means "desired, welcome."
Aprameya m Indian
Means "lord Krishna".
Aqdas m & f Arabic, Urdu
Means "holier" in Arabic, the elative form of قديس (qiddīs) meaning "holy, saintly".
Aqib m Arabic, Urdu
Means "successor" in Arabic, from the word عَاقَبَ (aqaba) meaning "to follow".
Aqiq m & f Arabic, Urdu, Persian
Means "agate" in Arabic.
Aqsa f & m Arabic, Urdu
Means "furthest, most distant" in Arabic. It is taken from the name of the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, considered the third holiest site in Islam as the Prophet Muhammad travelled there during the Night Journey (Isra').
Aqsaa f Arabic, Urdu
Alternate transcription of Arabic أقصى or Urdu اقصٰی (see Aqsa).
Arab m Bengali, Indian, Odia
Short form of Arabinda.
Arafat m & f Arabic, Bengali
From the name of a sacred hill in Mecca where pilgrims spend a day praying during the hajj.
Arag m Sanskrit, Indian, Hinduism, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Sinhalese, Bengali, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Kannada, Gujarati, Assamese, Punjabi
MEANING - Unimpassioned, calm, a name of lord Shiva
Araga f Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, Marathi
MEANING - impassioned, calm, a name of goddess Durga
Arahas m Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, Nepali
MEANING - "absence of secrecy "... [more]
Aramita f English, Spanish, Indian
Possibly derived from the Latin aramen, from aerāmen meaning "copper, bronze". As used in India, it's likely a variant of Paramita.
Arandeep m Indian (Sikh)
The second element is from dipa "light, lamp". The first is claimed by some to mean "forest".
Arani f Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Bengali, Gujarati, Nepali, Marathi
Means "sun, mother, wood used for kindling fire by attrition, pain, being fitted or turning round".
Aranya f & m Thai, Indian, Bengali
Derived from Sanskrit अरण्य (aranya) meaning "forest". It is used as a feminine name in Thailand while it is masculine in India and Bangladesh.
Aras m Kurdish, Persian, Turkish, Urdu
In Kurdish and Persian it means “equal”, “balanced”. The word Aras commonly refers to the Aras River, which flows through Turkey, Armenia, Iran and Azerbaijan.
Arasan m Tamil
Means "king" in Tamil.
Arasi f Tamil
Feminine form of Arasan.
Arathi f Hindi
Means "prayer" in Hindi.
Arav m Indian, Hindi
Means "calm, peaceful" from Sanskrit अ- (a-) meaning "not" and रव (rava) meaning "roar, cry".
Arava f Sanskrit, Indian, Hinduism, Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Nepali, Marathi
Meaning = "Noiseless ", "calm", "silent "... [more]
Arbab m Arabic, Urdu
Means "lords, masters" in Arabic, the plural of رب (rabb) meaning "lord, master".
Arbind m Indian, Bengali, Nepali
Bengali and Nepali form of Arvind.
Archisa f Indian (Modern, Rare), Hindi (Modern, Rare)
Derived from Sanskrit archis (अर्चिस्) "ray of light" or "luster".
Archisha f Hindi (Rare)
Means "ray of light" in Hindi.
Archna f Hindi
Derived from Sanskrit arcana "honouring, praising."
Ardhendu m Indian, Bengali
Means "half moon" or "crescent moon" in Sanskrit. This is also the name of a constellation sometimes called अर्धचन्द्र (ardhacandra).
Areeb m Urdu, Arabic
Variant transcription of Arib.
Areeba f Urdu, Arabic
Variant transcription of Ariba.
Areet f Indian (Sikh)
it originates from the sanskrit word reet meaning rituals. areet means a person who is not bound by any rituals.
Arfa m Urdu
Variant transcription of ارفع (see Arfah)
Arfah m Urdu
Means "High" in Urdu
Arhan m Indian (Rare)
Variation of Arhaan.
Arib m Arabic, Urdu
Means "brilliant, clever, intelligent" in Arabic and Urdu.
Ariba f Arabic, Urdu
Feminine form of Arib.
Aribam m & f Manipuri, Indian
The given name of a Northeast Indian director.
Arifa f Arabic, Bengali, Urdu, Dhivehi, Bosnian
Feminine form of Arif.
Arifullah m Arabic, Urdu
Means "expert of the religion" from عارف (ʿārif) meaning "learned, knowing, expert" combined with الله (Allah)
Arima f Indian (Rare)
Meaning unknown.
Arinjit m Indian
India... [more]
Arj m Sanskrit, Indian, Telugu, Hinduism, Marathi, Hindi
MEANING : gain, to acquire, to earn... [more]
Arjan m Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Punjabi, Kannada, Bengali, Sinhalese, Nepali, Marathi, Gujarati
MEANING : procuring, gaining , earning, acquiring... [more]
Arjati f Sanskrit, Hindi, Hinduism, Indian
MEANING : to gain, to earn or acquire... [more]
Arjumand f Urdu, Indian (Muslim), Bengali (Muslim)
From Classical Persian آرزومند (ārzumand) meaning "wishful", from آرزو (ārzu) "wish" (compare modern Persian Arezou) and the possessive suffix ـمند (-mand)... [more]
Arjuni m & f Indonesian, Indian
Variant or feminine form of Arjun.
Armaan m Arabic, Indian (Muslim)
Armaan is an arabic name also used in Pakistan. It means strong desire
Armaghan f & m Persian, Urdu
Means "gift" in Persian. It is used as a feminine name in Iran while it is masculine in Pakistan.
Arman m Bengali
In Bengali, Arman means poetry or poems
Aroipaanbi f Manipuri
Means "she who finally rules" in Meitei.
Aroon m Hindi, Marathi, Thai
Alternate transcription of Hindi/Marathi अरुण or Thai อรุณ (see Arun).
Arosh m Sanskrit, Indian, Hindi, Hinduism, Gujarati, Bengali, Punjabi, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil
MEANING : gentleness, calm or happy, freedom from anger. Here अ means free from + रोष means anger
Arpit m Indian
"dedicated" Arpita
Arpita f Indian
Arpita is an Indian name for a female.... [more]
Arpitha f Indian (Christian)
Offered to GOD
Arsal m Arabic, Indonesian, Urdu
Means "one who was sent" from Arabic أرسل (arsala) meaning "to send".
Arsalan m Persian, Urdu
Persian and Urdu form of Aslan.
Arsh m Urdu
Arabic origin
Arshad m Arabic, Urdu, Bengali, Malay
Means "more rightly guided, more mature, more sensible" in Arabic.
Arshdeep m & f Punjabi, Indian (Sikh)
From Urdu عَرْش (ʻarś) or Hindi अर्श (arś) meaning "sky, heaven" (both of which come from Arabic عَرْش (ʕarš)) combined with Sanskrit दीप (dīpa) meaning "lamp, light".
Arshi f Indian, Marathi, Hindi
Derived from Sanskrit ऋषि (ṛ́ṣi) denoting a singer of sacred hymns, a poet, or a sage.
Arshpreet f Punjabi, Indian (Sikh)
Means "love for the sky" in Punjabi.
Artha f & m Hinduism, Indian, Sanskrit
Means “riches, wealth” in Hindi aboriginal language.
Arthi f Indian, Tamil
Arthi is a Balmiki ritual, similar in form to the Hindu practice of Aarti in which light from wicks soaked in ghee or camphor is offered to Bhagawan Valmiki. Arthi is a form of bhakti devotion. The word also refers to the traditional devotional song that is sung during the ritual.... [more]
Ārti f Hindi, Indian
A Hindu feminine given name; it is derived from the Hindu religious ritual with the same name.
Aru f Sanskrit, Hinduism, Indian, Telugu, Hindi, Tamil, Marathi, Nepali
MEANING - the sun, red blossomed khadira tree
Aruddh m Hinduism, Indian, Sanskrit, Hindi, Punjabi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Nepali, Sinhalese
MEANING : ( not obstructed, unhindered, unrestrainable. ) Here अ means not + रुद्ध means hindered, stop or obstruct... [more]
Aruddha f Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian (Christian), Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Hinduism
MEANING : ( not obstructed, unhindered, unrestrainable. ) Here अ means not + रुद्ध / रुद्धा means hindered, stop or obstruct... [more]
Arul m Sanskrit, Indian
MEANING : water, a ... [more]
Aruli m & f Hindi
Blessed by god
Arumugam m Indian, Tamil
From Tamil ஆறு (aru) meaning "six" and முகம் (mukam) meaning "face". This is an epithet the Hindu god Murugan.
Arundeep m Punjabi (Rare), Indian (Sikh, Rare)
Combination of Arun and Sanskrit दीप (dipa) meaning "lamp, light".
Arundhathi f Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu, Tamil
South Indian form of Arundhati.
Arunendra m Telugu
Means "mythical charioteer of the sun" in Telugu.
Aruni f & m Thai, Sinhalese, Indian
Feminine form of Aruna, also meaning "son of Aruna". This name is solely feminine in Thailand and Sri Lanka while it is sometimes used as a masculine name in India.
Arunprakash m Indian
tamilnadu
Arush m Indian
Possibly a variant transcription of Aarush.
Arusha f Indian
Means "shining" or "bright" in Sanskrit.
Arvieta f & m Hindi (Rare)
Derived from the word Ayurveda the traditional Hindu system of medicine, which is based on the idea of balance in bodily systems and uses diet, herbal treatment, and yogic breathing.
Arvind m Hindi, Marathi, Kannada, Punjabi
Alternate transcription of Hindi/Marathi अरविन्द or अरविंद, Kannada ಅರವಿಂದ or Punjabi Gurmukhi ਅਰਵਿੰਦ (see Aravind).
Aryaman m Hinduism, Indian, Hindi
Sanskrit name originating from the Hindu deity Aryaman. Means 'companion' or 'close friend'.
Aryen m Hindi (Americanized, ?)
Variation of Aryan. Possibly Americanized.
Arzoi f Punjabi (Modern, Expatriate), Indian (Sikh, Modern, Expatriate)
Possibly derived from the Punjabi noun ਅਰਜ਼ (arz) meaning "petition, supplication, request".
Asavari f Marathi, Hinduism
The name of a raga or melody. This name belongs to a minor character in Hinduism, a lover of Karna whose father, the king, rejects their marriage out of arrogance.
Asees f & m Punjabi, Indian (Sikh), Hinduism
Means "blessing" in Punjabi.
Ashank m Indian
the name mans brave..
Ashar m Indonesian, Urdu, Malay
Possibly from Arabic أشعر ('ash'ara) meaning "alarm, alert, notify" or أشار ('ashar) meaning "observe, advise".
Ashe f & m Indian
Asheeta f Indian
unknown
Ashek m Bengali
Bengali variant of Ashiq.
Ashem m Indian, Persian
Meaning, "guilty."
Asheque m Bengali
Bengali variant of Ashiq.
Ashfaque m Bengali
Bengali variant of Ashfaq.
Ashika f Indian
unknown.... [more]
Ashima f Indian
Feminine form of Asim 2.
Ashiq m Arabic, Urdu
Means "lover, admirer, adorer" in Arabic.
Ashique m Bengali, Urdu
Bengali and Urdu variant of Ashiq.
Ashiq Ullah m Urdu (Modern), Arabic (Modern)
Means "lover of Allah" in Arabic.
Ashis m Bengali
Bengali variant of Ashish.
Ashlesha f Indian, Marathi, Astronomy
Means "embrace" in Sanskrit. In ancient Indian astronomy this was the name of Epsilon Hydrae, the northernmost star or star cluster in the constellation Hydra.
Ashokan m Malayalam, Tamil
Alternate transcription of Malayalam അശോകൻ or Tamil அசோகன் (see Asokan).
Ashoki f Sanskrit, Hindi, Hinduism, Indian, Kannada, Bengali, Malayalam, Tamil
MEANING- '"not sorrowful", not causing sorrow, happy. Here अ means not + शोकी means sorrowful
Ashouni f Mao
From the Mao asho meaning "continuous".
Ashrita f Indian
Possibly means "dependant" and/or "a girl protected by God"
Ashtbhuja m & f Indian, Hinduism
in feminine it refers to the Godess Durga... [more]
Ashutosh m Indian, Marathi, Hindi
Means “to easily gratify” in Marathi and Hindi, with ashu (rapid) and tosh (gratify)
Ashvin m Indian, Marathi, Hindi, Gujarati
Alternate transcription of Ashwin.
Ashvini f & m Indian, Marathi
Variant transcription of Ashwini.
Ashwani m Hindi
Means "first" in Hindi.
Ashwasena m Indian
The son of Takshaka in the ancient Indian epic of Mahabharata.
Ashwath m Hindi
“Banyan tree”. Possibly related to Buddhism as the tree under which Buddha meditated.
Ashwathama m Indian
Son of Drona in the Mahabharata.
Ashwina f Indian, Sanskrit, Hinduism
A feminine form of Ashvin, the seventh month of the lunisolar Hindu calendar. It means "light" in Sanskrit, and Ashvini is the first star that appears in the evening sky (the head of Aries). Ashvin also stands for the Divine twins considered to be the Hindu gods of vision in Hindu mythology.
Ashwini f & m Indian, Marathi, Hindi, Bengali, Kannada, Telugu
Feminine form as well as a variant of Ashwin.
Asifa f Arabic, Urdu
Feminine form of Asif.
Asit m Indian, Bengali
Derived from Sanskrit असित (asita) meaning "dark, black" or "(black) snake".
Askhal m Hindi
MEANING : not Shaking or slipping., Name of Agni... [more]
Aslam m Arabic, Urdu, Bengali
Means "safer, healthier" in Arabic, the elative form of سالم (salim) meaning "safe".
Asmaul f Indonesian, Bengali
From the first part of the Arabic phrase الأسماء الحسنى (al-asma' al-husna) meaning "the beautiful names (of God)", referring to the 99 names of Allah.
Asmina f Indian
Feminine form of Asmin.
Asmit m Indian
Means "pride".
Asmita f Indian
Feminine form of Asmit.
Asok m Indian
Variant of Ashok.
Aśoka m Indian
Variant of Ashoka.
Asokan m Malayalam, Tamil
Malayalam and Tamil variant of Ashoka.
Asrar m & f Arabic, Urdu
Derived from أسرار (asrar), which is the plural of the Arabic noun سر (sirr) meaning "secret, mystery". In Iran, this is also the name of a daily newspaper.... [more]
Asruddin m Indonesian, Malay, Indian (Muslim), Pashto
From Arabic عصر الدين ('asr al-din) meaning "age of the religion, era of the faith”.
Astakop m Hindi, Sanskrit, Hinduism, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali
MEANING : one whose anger is laid aside. Here अस्त means to laid aside, disappear + कोप means wrath
Astik f & m Indian, Hinduism, Mythology
name of Sanskrit origin denoting a brahmin with the gotra of atri (अत्रि). Believed to being directly originating from the septarishi atri.
Astita f Sanskrit, Hindi, Hinduism, Bengali, Nepali, Gujarati
MEANING : existence, reality... [more]
Asukar m Sanskrit, Hinduism, Hindi, Indian, Nepali
"Arduous"; "not easily done"; "difficult "... [more]
Asukari f Sanskrit, Indian, Hindi, Hinduism, Tamil, Telugu, Nepali, Kannada
"arduous"; "difficult to do"... [more]
Aswath m Indian
variant of Aswathi.
Aswin m Indian, Malayalam, Tamil, Indonesian, Thai
Southern Indian and Indonesian form of Ashwin as well as a Thai alternate transcription of Atsawin.
Atal m Pashto, Indian
Means "hero", "leader", "guide" in Pashto.
Atala f Indian
MEANING : not shaky, firm, unchangeable... [more]
Atangba m Manipuri
Means "precious" in Meitei.
Atapi m Indian
Means "zealous".
Atasi f Indian (Rare)
Bengali and Sanskrit name for "flax; flaxseed".
Ata ur-Rahman m Arabic, Indian (Muslim)
Means "gift of the merciful" in Arabic from عطاء (ʿaṭāʾ) meaning "gift" and الرحْمن (raḥman) meaning "merciful".
Ateeq m Arabic, Urdu
Alternate transcription of Arabic عتيق or Urdu عتیق (see Atiq).
Ateeque m Urdu
Alternate transcription of Urdu عتیق (see Atiq).
Ateesh m Indian
Meaning of Sanskrit names... [more]
Athak m Hindi, Marathi, Indian, Hinduism, Punjabi, Bengali, Indian (Sikh), Gujarati, Assamese
MEANING - untiring, tireless, indefatigable
Atharv m Marathi
The name Atharv means the god Ganesh in Hinduism
Atharva m & f Indian, Hinduism
derived from vedic culture, Atharva-veda.... [more]
Atharvaa f & m Marathi, Indian
Variant of Atharva.
Athoibi f Manipuri
Means "the best" in Meitei.
Athoy m & f Manipuri
Means "best one" in Meitei.
Athul m Indian
Rock and kind hearted
Atika f Arabic, Indonesian, Malay, Bengali
From Arabic عاتك (ʿātik) meaning "clear, limpid, pure". This was the name of an aunt of the Prophet Muhammad, as well as one of his disciples.
Atinder f & m Indian (Sikh)
Atinder means the greatest god
Atinga m Manipuri
Means "one who has everything" in Meitei.
Atiq m Arabic, Urdu
Means "ancient, old" in Arabic.
Atiqa f Arabic, Urdu, Malay
Feminine form of Atiq.
Atique m Bengali
Bengali variant of Atiq.
Atisha f Sanskrit, Indian, Hindi, Hinduism, Punjabi, Indian (Sikh), Bengali, Marathi, Gujarati
Meaning, "very powerful, having high dominion."
Atiya m & f Manipuri
Means "sky" in Meitei.
Atma m & f Indian, Hindi, Punjabi, Indonesian
Derived from Sanskrit आत्मन् (atman) meaning "soul, spirit, life".
Attaullah m Urdu
Urdu form of Ataullah.
Atteena f Indian
Variant of Athena.
Attia f & m Urdu, Arabic
Alternate transcription of Atiya.
Attika f Sanskrit, Hindi, Indian, Hinduism, Gujarati, Bengali, Punjabi, Nepali, Assamese, Marathi
Means "elder sister" in Sanskrit.
Atul m Indian, Hindi, Marathi, Assamese, Bengali, Punjabi
From Sanskrit अतुल (atula) meaning "incomparable, unequalled, unparalleled".
Atulya f Hindi
Feminine form of Atul.
Atung m Indian
popular name in Arunachal Pradesh, India ... [more]
Aum m Indian
MEME
Aumber m Hindi (Rare)
Aumber means "sky", similar to the Hindi name "Akash".
Aumnshi f Indian
Origin : Sanskrit Language... [more]
Aurangzaib m Urdu
Urdu form of Aurangzeb.
Avan m Hinduism, Sanskrit, Indian, Tamil, Telugu, Nepali, Sinhalese, Indian (Sikh), Bengali
Meaning, "favour, preservation, protection,(= तर्पण) satisfaction , joy, pleasure, desire, speed, preserving, a preserver."
Avaneesh m Indian, Hindi
Derived from Sanskrit अवनी (avani) meaning "earth" and ईश (isha) meaning "lord, ruler".
Avanip m Indian (Rare)
Modern Hindi transcription of Sanskrit अवनिप (Avanipa) meaning "protector of earth, ruler of earth; king", from अवनी (avanī) "earth" and प (pa) "protecting, guarding".
Avaniti f Sanskrit, Indian, Hindi
MEANING : to inhale, to breathe... [more]
Avantika f Indian
Means "humility".
Avantika f Indian
Means:... [more]
Avasa f Hindi
Means "independent" in Hindi.
Avha f Hindi (Rare)
Means "oxygen, breath of life" in Hindi.
Avijit m Indian
MEANING - Who won the Moon or who cannot be won over. ... [more]
Avin m Indian
Diminutive of Avinash.
Avinesh m Indian
the name reveals infinity,the infinite power of almighty god,origin of om.
Aviraj m Bengali (Hindu), Indian, Punjabi
Bengali spelling of Abhiraj.
Avish m & f Indian (Muslim)
Avish in Urdu and Punjabi means 'The Last Follower' or in Sri Lankan it means 'The God's Follower' this name is mostly used by Indians, Pakistans, Sri Lankans or people who speak Urdu.
Avleen f & m Punjabi, Indian
Means "immersed with love" in Punjabi. As well as a modern spelling of Aveline.
Avlok m Hindi
Means "king of universe" in Hindi.
Avneet f & m Indian (Sikh), Punjabi
This is borne by Indian actress Avneet Kaur (2001-).